Journal:

Article Title: Detection of Adulteration of Notoginseng Root Extract with Other Panax Species by Quantitative HPLC Coupled with PCA

doi: 10.1021/jf803320d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Typical chromatograms of extracts from (A) the root and (B) leaf of Panax notoginseng; (C) the root and (D) leaf of Panax ginseng; and (E) the root and (F) leaf of Panax quinquefolius; a mixture of Panax notoginseng root with (G) Panax ginseng root and (H) leaf. Saponin peaks: notoginsenoside R1 (1), and ginsenosides Rg1 (2), Re (3), Rh1 (4), Rg2 (5), 20R-Rg2 (6), Rb1 (7), Rc (8), Rb2 (9), Rb3 (10), Rd (11), and Rg3 (12).

Article Snippet: Standards for ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1 were obtained from Indofine Chemical Company (Somerville, NJ); ginsenosides Rb3, Rg2, 20 R -Rg2, Rg3, Rh1, and notoginsenoside R1 were obtained from the Delta Information Center for Natural Organic Compounds (Xuancheng, Anhui, China).

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Detection of Adulteration of Notoginseng Root Extract with Other Panax Species by Quantitative HPLC Coupled with PCA

doi: 10.1021/jf803320d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Typical Saponin Content in Panax Extracts (mg/g)

Article Snippet: Standards for ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1 were obtained from Indofine Chemical Company (Somerville, NJ); ginsenosides Rb3, Rg2, 20 R -Rg2, Rg3, Rh1, and notoginsenoside R1 were obtained from the Delta Information Center for Natural Organic Compounds (Xuancheng, Anhui, China).

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Detection of Adulteration of Notoginseng Root Extract with Other Panax Species by Quantitative HPLC Coupled with PCA

doi: 10.1021/jf803320d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Principal component analysis (PCA) plots with (A) principal components 1 and 2 and (B) principal components 1 and 3, using contents of 12 saponins as input data. The 12 saponins are notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rh1, Rg2, 20R-Rg2, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd and Rg3. The group numbers of Panax extracts are listed in Table 1.

Article Snippet: Standards for ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1 were obtained from Indofine Chemical Company (Somerville, NJ); ginsenosides Rb3, Rg2, 20 R -Rg2, Rg3, Rh1, and notoginsenoside R1 were obtained from the Delta Information Center for Natural Organic Compounds (Xuancheng, Anhui, China).

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Detection of Adulteration of Notoginseng Root Extract with Other Panax Species by Quantitative HPLC Coupled with PCA

doi: 10.1021/jf803320d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Principal component analysis (PCA) plots with (A) principal components 1 and 2 and (B) principal components 1 and 3, using contents of 8 saponins as input data. The 8 saponins are notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd. The group numbers of Panax extracts are listed in Table 1. Arrows indicate groups 7, 8 and 9 were extracted from mixed plant parts.

Article Snippet: Standards for ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1 were obtained from Indofine Chemical Company (Somerville, NJ); ginsenosides Rb3, Rg2, 20 R -Rg2, Rg3, Rh1, and notoginsenoside R1 were obtained from the Delta Information Center for Natural Organic Compounds (Xuancheng, Anhui, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Cancers

Article Title: A Panax quinquefolius -Based Preparation Prevents the Impact of 5-FU on Activity/Exploration Behaviors and Not on Cognitive Functions Mitigating Gut Microbiota and Inflammation in Mice

doi: 10.3390/cancers14184403

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of ginsenosides and protopanaxadiol in sera of placebo and 5-FU mice treated with Qiseng ® . ( A ) Schematic illustration showing the timeline for treatments and time of serum collection in mice to study the composition in ginsenosides and potential metabolites. C57BL/6J Rj mice received i.p. 5-FU injections once a week for 3 weeks ( arrow ) and per os placebo, vitamin C or Qiseng ® once a day, 5 times a week for 2 weeks. Mice received four BrdU i.p. injections (once a day) at W2 and W3; then, serum and cecum were collected for analysis. ( B ) HPLC chromatogram and chemoprofile of Qiseng ® and some ginsenosides from a 1/10 Qiseng diluted solution ( Left ) and from a representative example of a NaCl/Qiseng ® -treated mouse serum ( Right ). ( C ) Relative abundance of Rb1, Rc, Rd, Re, Rg5/Rg6/Rk1, Rg3/F2/RG4/Rf4, Ro, Rg1, F11/Rf ginsenosides in sera of NaCl/Qiseng ® and 5-FU/Qiseng ® -treated mice. The Rb1, Rd and Rc ginsenosides were predominantly found in sera of both groups, and the Rc ginsenosides proportion was significantly higher in 5-FU/Qiseng ® mice. ( D ) Schematic illustration of the composition of Qiseng ® and the potential metabolization by gut microbiota into protopanatriol, protopanaxadiol and Factor K metabolites ( Left ). Sole protopanaxadiol can be detected in only some serum collected from NaCl/Qiseng ® and 5-FU/Qiseng ® mice. ( E ) Percentage of ginsenosides ( Left ) or Protopanaxadiol ( Right ) in sera of NaCl/Qiseng® and 5-FU/Qiseng® mice. Data are represented as box plots with the median or bar plots of mean ± SEM with symbols of individual data points. In each analysis, NaCl/Qiseng ® ( n = 4–7), 5-FU/Qiseng ® ( n = 4–6). Mann–Whitney; * p < 0.05, ns: not significant). 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil, BrdU: 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine, D: Day, W: Week, i.p.: intraperitoneal injection.

Article Snippet: Ginsenoside Rb1 was purchased from Sigma (Saint-Louis, MO, USA), and Ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rc, Rd, K, Protopanaxadiol, Protopanaxatriol standards were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France).

Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY, Injection